Chapter 2 : The World Population Distribution, Density and Growth mcq and long question Ncert geo12

Chapter 2 : The World Population Distribution, Density and Growth mcq and long question

Chapter 2 : The World Population Distribution, Density and Growth mcq :

Question 1.

What was the world population at the beginning of the 21st century?

(A) 4 billion

(B) 6 billion

(D) 10 billion

Answer

Answer: (B) 6 billion

Question 2.

What is the present growth rate of population in the world?

(A) 1.0%

(B) 1.2%

(D) 1.6%

Answer

Answer: (B) 1.2%

Question 3.

How many times has the world population increased during the last 500 years?

(A) 4

(B) 6

(D) 10

Answer

Answer: (D) 10

Question 4.

What is the average density of the world population? (per sq. km.)

(A) 31

(B) 35

(D) 54

Answer

Answer: (D) 54

Question 5.

Which country has the highest density of population?

(A) China

(B) India

(D) Indonesia

Answer

Answer: (C) Singapore

Question 6.

Which continent has the highest growth rate of the population?

(A) Asia

(B) Africa

(D) Australia

Answer

Answer: (B) Africa

Question 7.

What was the world population at the time of the Industrial Revolution?

(A) 30 crore

(B) 40 crore

(D) 60 crore

Answer

Answer: (C) 50 crore

Question 8.

Which is the most populated country?

(A) China

(B) India

(D) Germany

Answer

Answer: (A) China

Question 9.

How many people are added to the world population every year?

(A) 6 crore

(B) 7 crore

(D) 10 crore

Answer

Answer: (C) 8 crore

Question 10.

The ten most populated countries have a world population:

(A) 50%

(B) 60%

(D) 80%

Answer

Answer: (B) 60%

Question 11.

Which one of the following continents has the highest growth of population:

(A) Africa

(B) South America

(D) North America.

Answer

Answer: (A) Africa

Question 12.

Which one of the following is not an area of the sparse population?

(A) The Atacama

(B) Equatorial Region

(D) Polar Regions.

Answer

Answer: (C) South-East Asia

Question 13.

Which of the following is not a push factor:

(A) Water shortage

(B) Unemployment

(D) Epidemics.

Answer

Answer: (C) Medical/Educational facilities.

Question 14.

Which one of the following is not a fact?

(A) Human population increased more than ten times during the past 500 years

(B) Nearly 80 million people are added to the world population each year

(D) Population growth is high in the first stage of demographic transition.

Answer

Answer: (C) It took 100 years for the population to rise from five billion to six billion

Q.1 Which continent has the highest growth rate of the population?

(A) Asia

(B) Africa

(D) Australia

Show Answer

(B) Africa

Q.2 What was the world population at the time of the Industrial Revolution?

(A) 30 crore

(B) 40 crore

(D) 60 crore

Show Answer

Q.3 Which is the most populated country?

(A) China

(B) India

(D) Germany

Show Answer

(A) China

Q.4 How many people are added to the world population every year?

(A) 6 crore

(B) 7 crore

(D) 10 crore

Show Answer

Q.5 The ten most populated countries have a world population:

(A) 50%

(B) 60%

(D) 80%

Show Answer

(B) 60%

Q.6 Which one of the following continents has the highest growth of population:

(A) Africa

(B) South America

(D) North America

Show Answer

(A) Africa

Q.7 Which one of the following is not an area of the sparse population?

(A) The Atacama

(B) Equatorial Region

(D) Polar Regions

Show Answer

Q.8 Which of the following is not a push factor:

(A) Water shortage

(B) Unemployment

(D) Epidemics

Show Answer

Q.9 Which one of the following continents has the highest growth of population?

(A) Africa

(B) South America

(D) North America

Show Answer

(A) Africa

Q.10 Which one of the following is not an area of sparse population?

(A) The Atacama

(B) Equatorial Region

(D) Polar Regions

Show Answer

Q.11 Which of the following is not a push factor?

(A) Water shortage

(B) Unemployment

(D) Epidemics

Show Answer

Q.12 Which of the following is not one of the most populous countries?

(A) India

(B) China

(D) Brazil

Show Answer

Q.13 Which of the following is the factor affecting the population distribution?

(A) Availability of water

(B) Fertile soil

(D) All of these

Show Answer

(D) All of these

Q.14 What was the world population at the beginning of the 21st century?

(A) Over 2.1 billion

(B) Over 6 billion

(D) Over 9.1 billion

Show Answer

(B) Over 6 billion

Q.15 Which are the components of population change?

(A) Birth rate

(B) Death rate

(D) All of these

Show Answer

(D) All of these

Q.16 Which continent had the highest growth rate of population in the world in 2010¬2015?

(A) Asia

(B) Africa

(D) Europe

Show Answer

(B) Africa

Q.17 What was the world population at the beginning of the 21st century?

(A) 4 billion

(B) 6 billion

(D) 10 billion

Show Answer

(B) 6 billion

Q.18 What is the present growth rate of population in the world?

(A) 1.0%

(B) 1.2%

(D) 1.6%

Show Answer

(B) 1.2%

Q.19 How many times has the world population increased during the last 500 years?

(A) 4

(B) 6

(D) 10

Show Answer

(D) 10

Q.20 What is the average density of the world population? (per sq. km.)

(A) 31

(B) 35

(D) 54

Show Answer

(D) 54

Q.21 Which of these statements is not true?

(A) Human population has increased more than ten times in the past 500 years.

(B) Human population rose from 5 billion to 6 billion in 100 years.

(D) In the twentieth century itself the human population has increased four times.

Show Answer

(B) Human population rose from 5 billion to 6 billion in 100 years.

Average density of population in India, according to 2011 census, was

A.
210 people per square km
B.
300 people per square km
C.
500 people per square km
D.
382 people per square km

Solution:

- Density of population is expressed as the number of persons per unit area.

- It helps in getting a better understanding of the spatial distribution of population in relation to land.

- The density of population in India (2011) was 382 people per square kilometer and ranks third among the most densely populated countries of Asia following Bangladesh (1203 people per square kilometer in 2013) and Japan (350 people per square kilometer in 2011). There has been a steady increase of more than 200 people per square kilometer over the last 50 years as the density of population increased from 117 people per square kilometer.

QUESTION: 2

The Indian State/UT with the highest density of population, according to the 2011 census?

A.
West Bengal
B.
Kerala
C.
Uttar Pradesh
D.
Delhi

Solution:

The National Capital Region area of Delhi possesses the highest of the population density 2011 among the states of India having a statistics of 11,297 per square kilometer.

QUESTION: 3

The proportion of people living in the rural areas is about

A.
One-third
B.
75 percent
C.
70 percent
D.
One-fourth

Solution:

According to the provisional data released by Census India, the proportion of rural population declined from 72.19% in 2001 to 68.84% in 2011.

At present, Nearly 70% of the country's population lives in rural areas where, for the first time since Independence, the overall growth rate of population has sharply declined, according to the latest Census.

QUESTION: 4

In terms of population, India's rank in the world is

A.
First
B.
Third
C.
Fourth
D.
Second

Solution:

- China and India are the two most populated countries of the world.

- China is the most populated country with approximately 1.39 billion people in 2014.

- India is the second most populated country with approximately 1.27 billion people in 2014.

QUESTION: 5

What happens to the proportion of migrants with the increasing distance from the source area?

A.
Decreases
B.
Increases
C.
Becomes female-dominated
D.
Remains constant

Solution:

The proportion of migrants decreases with the increasing distance from the source area.

QUESTION: 6

The highest density of population, among the states of India, is found in

A.
U.P.
B.
Bihar
C.
Delhi
D.
Punjab

Solution:

- The records of population density 2011 of India state that the density 2011 has increased from a figure of 324 to that of 382 per square kilometer.

- Bihar is the most thickly populated state (1106 persons/sq km.) followed by west bengal-1028 and Kerala 860.

QUESTION: 7

A factor of low growth rate of population in India is

A.
Fall in death rate.
B.
Fall in birth rate.
C.
Fall in infant mortality rate.
D.
Increase in life expectancy.

Solution:

India's population growth rate was 1.2%, in 2013. The growth rate of population in India has been caused by annual birth rate, death rate and rate of migration.

QUESTION: 8

Demographic factors that affect the distribution of population are

A.
Fertility rate.
B.
Plain areas.
C.
Religion.
D.
Industries.

Solution:

- An uneven spatial distribution of population in India suggests a close relationship between population and physical, socioeconomic and historical factors.

- Fertility rate, mortality rate and migration are the demographic factors that affect the distribution of population.

QUESTION: 9

Which city has the highest population density in India?

A.
Chennai
B.
Kolkata
C.
Delhi
D.
Mumbai

Solution:

Correct Answer :- c

Explanation : The population density in India is 382 persons per sq km. Delhi (11,320) turns out to be the most densely inhabited, followed by Chandigarh (9,258), among all States/UTs, both in 2001 and 2011 Census.

The capital city of West Bengal, Kolkata has one of the oldest operating ports in the country. Its population density is high, with 24,000 people per square kilometer. The city has a sex ratio of 899 females to 1,000 males. The State pollution control board stated that the pollution is seven times more than the limit set by the WHO.

About 60 percent of Mumbai’s population lives in slums, with no clean drinking water, electricity, or gas. The city’s slum rehabilitation authority has been implementing multiple plans to re-home slum residents. Due to overcrowding, Mumbai is also one of the most polluted cities in India, with approximately 7,000 metric tons of waste being discarded by individuals every day in the city. The city is so overcrowded that the local trains transport nearly six million people daily, and there has been a number of deaths due to stampedes at the stations because of overcrowding.

QUESTION: 10

In the world, India is one of the

A.
Most urbanized.
B.
Least urbanized.
C.
Moderately urbanized.
D.
Most industrialized.

Solution:

- Level of urbanization increased from 27.81% in the 2001 Census to 31.16% in the 2011 Census.

- According to the UN, the year 2007 witnessed a turning point when more than 50% of the world population were living in cities, for the first time in human history.

Chapter 2 : The World Population Distribution, Density and Growth 4 marks long question:

Q.Analyze the term ‘Neo-determinism’ or ‘Stop’ and ‘go’ determinism.

Ans. The concept shows that neither is there a situation of absolute necessity more in there a condition of absolute freedom. Human beings can conquer nature by obeying it. Men can proceed with their pursuits of development when nature permits the modifications. possibilities can be created within the limits which do not damage the environment and there is no free run without happenings. Neo Determinism nullifies the either-or dichotomy.

Q. In the colonial period, which of the approaches developed in human geography? Account their broad features in each of the approaches.

Ans. (i) Exploration and description approach –

Feature – Empirical and trade interests prompted the discovery and exploration of new areas.

(ii) Regional analysis – Feature – Elaborate description of all aspects of a region were undertaken.

Q. Analyze the three components of population change

Ans. There are three components of population change

⇒Births, deaths and migration.

The crude birth rate (CDR) is expressed as the number of live births in a year per thousand of women. Death rate plays an active role in population change. Population growth occurs not only by increasing the death rate. Crude death rate (CDR) is simply a method of measuring mortality of any area. CDR is expressed in terms of the number of deaths in a particular year per thousand of the population in a particular region. Immigration and emigration also affect the population of an area.

Q. What phenomena set the stage for the rapid growth of population in the world?

Ans. The expanding world trade during the sixteenth and seventeenth century set the stage for the Industrial Revolution. The world population exploded. Technological advancement achieved so far helped in the reduction of birth rate and provided a stage for accelerated population growth.

Q. On account of what reasons the population growth rate has slowed down in Africa and the commonwealth of Independent states (CIS) and Asia.

Ans. The deadly HIV/AIDS epidemics have pushed up death rates and have reduced average life expectancy in these countries.

Explain any three push and any two pull factors that influence the migrations of a population in the world. (All India 2016)

OR

How is the mortality rate of a region affected? Explain any four push factors responsible for migration. Delhi 2015

Answer:

Migration is the displacement of people from one place to another. It can be permanent, temporary or seasonal.

The push factors of migration are:

Unemployment
Poor living conditions
Political turmoil
Unpleasant climate

The pull factors are:

Better job opportunities.
Better living conditions.

The mortality rate of a region is affected by the availability of medical and health facilities, sanitation and provision of nutritious food.

Question .

Describe any three characteristics of the first stage of ‘Demographic Transition Theory’. Delhi 2014

Answer:

Characteristics of the first stage of Demographic Transition Theory are as follows:

The first stage has high fertility and high mortality because people reproduce more to compensate for the deaths due to epidemics and variable food supply.
Most of the people are engaged in agriculture where large families are an asset.
The population growth is slow.

Question

Describe any three characteristics of the last stage of ‘Demographic Transition Theory’. All Indio 2014

Answer:

Characteristics of the last stage of Demographic Transition Theory are as follows:

In this stage both fertility and mortality decline.
The population is either stable or grows slowly.
The population becomes urbanized, literate and has high technical know-how.

Question .

Explain with example any three geographical factors which influence the distribution of the population in the world. Delhi 2008

Answer:

The three geographical factors which influence the distribution of the population in the world are as follows:

Availability of Water It is an essential component for life. The region with fresh water is the most preferred place to live in. That’s why places near river valleys are densely populated.

The region with fertile plain is most populated as compared to mountainous and hilly areas because these hinder the agricultural and industrial development.

Climate plays a very important role in population concentration. This is because areas with moderate climates with moderate rainfall have more population whereas areas with heavy rainfall and harsh climates have lower populations.

Chapter 2 : The World Population Distribution, Density and Growth 8 marks long question:

Q. Draw distinctions among the following terms of population.

A. Growth of population.

B. Growth rate of population.

C. Natural growth of population.

D. Positive growth of population.

E. Negative growth of population.

Ans. Some basic differences among the above-mentioned terms may be enumerated as follows.

A. Growth of population: – Change of population in a particular area between two points of time is known as growth of population i.e. difference is population on decadal basis in absolute number of population for an area/region/country.

B. Growth rate of population: – This is the change of population expressed in percentage.

C. Natural growth of population: – This is the population increase by difference between births and deaths in a particular region between two points of time Natural growth= Births – Deaths.

Actual growth of population: this is Births – deaths + migration – Out migration.

D. Positive growth of population: – This happens when the birth rate is more than the death rate between two points of time or when people from other countries migrate to a region.

E. Negative growth of population: – If the population decreases between two points of time it is known as negative growth of population. It occurs when the birth rate falls below the death rate or people migrate to other countries.

Q.3 Account for the ‘Pull’ and ‘Push’ factors of population migration.

Ans. The pull and Push factors of population migration may be accounted for as follows.

Push Factors: –

1. Poverty

2. Political instability

3. Environmental problems

4. Hunger

5. War, Terrorism

6. Economic difficulties

7. Population pressure

8. Unemployment

9. No availability of resources

10. Rural indebtedness

11. Lack of conveniences

Pull Factors:-

1. Opportunities

2. Family union

3. Economic temptation

4. Stability

5. Employment opportunities

6. Consumer Satisfaction

7. Better Facilities

8. Popular Culture

9. Political freedom

Question .

“90 percent of the world population lives in about 10 percent of its total land area, whereas the remaining 10 per cent population resides in the 90 per cent of its land area”. Support the statement with suitable examples. (Delhi 2017)

Answer:

It is true that 90 percent of the world population lives in about 10 percent of its total land area, whereas the remaining 10 percent population resides in the 90 percent of its land area. The factor which affects the distribution of the population in the world are:

Cultural Factors Traditions and culture of a place includes the distribution of a population. People like to migrate in areas where common tradition and culture are found.

Physical Factors Relief, climate, soil and minerals are the physical factors which determine the population of any place. Tibet is a region with very little population, whereas the Indo-Gangetic plain is overpopulated.

Means of Transport Regions with better facilities or means of transport lead to a better economic condition. This leads to a thick population. Mumbai-Pune Industrial region is the best example.

Economic Condition Industrial and agricultural regions of the world are thickly populated. Industrial regions of India, USA, Japan, UK are examples.

Question .

What is the meaning of density of population? Examine the four geographical factors that influence the distribution of the population in the world with suitable examples. (Delhi 2017)

Answer:

Population density refers to a ratio between the total population and the total land area in a country. A density of population is an important measure to analyze population distribution. Geographical factors that influence the distribution of the population in the world are:

Relief Features Relief is the most important physical factor influencing the distribution of a population. High mountains, rugged terrain and some of the plateaus restrict human settlements.

Plains River valley has fertile soil. The plain area provides a better living condition. The nature of the surface permits a wider scope for agriculture industries, transport and urbanization.

Climate It has a direct influence on human beings. Man refers to living in normal conditions of temperature and rainfall. Excessive heat, cold, dryness or wetness restrict the human population. Apart from human health, climate affects agriculture also. Asia, North-West Europe and North America are areas of dense population.

Soil is an important factor for the survival of humanity. Fertile soil supports agriculture. High degree of population concentration in South-East Asia is primarily due to fertile soil. Most of the world’s fertile soil is found in the river valleys of Ganga, Indus, Huang Ho, Mississippi, etc.

Question .

What is the ‘demographic cycle’? Describe three stages of Demographic Transition Theory? Delhi 2016

Answer:

The demographic cycle represents the changes in the population of a region as it moves from high births and high deaths to low births and low deaths as that region/society progresses from rural, agrarian and illiterate to an urban, industrial and literate society.

These changes occur in three stages that are collectively called Demographic Transition Theory.

The three stages are as follows:

The First Stage This stage is marked by high fertility and high mortality. The death rate is also high due to epidemics and variable food supply. Therefore, the population growth is slow and life expectancy is low. People are mostly illiterate and engaged in agriculture due to which large families are preferred. Level of technology is also low.

Second Stage In this stage, the expansion of population remains high because the death rate reduces due to the improvement in sanitation and health conditions but the fertility rate remains high. Though at the later stage it declines with time. The mortality rate also decreases. The net addition to a population in this stage is high.

In the last stage, both fertility and mortality declines considerably and the population either stabilizes or grows slowly. The family size is deliberately controlled as the population becomes urbanized and literate. There is a high level of technical know-how in this stage. High technical knowledge contributes deliberately in controlling the family size.

Geography Class 12 Important Questions Chapter 2 The World Population 2

Question .

When does positive population growth take place? Explain the geographical factors that influence the distribution of the population in the world. (HOTS: Delhi 2015)

Answer:

When the birth rate is more than the death rate between the two points of time or when people from other countries migrate permanently to a region is called positive growth of population.

For geographical factors,

The three geographical factors which influence the distribution of the population in the world are as follows:

Availability of Water It is an essential component for life. The region with fresh water is the most preferred place to live in. That’s why places near river valleys are densely populated.

The region with fertile plain is most populated as compared to mountainous and hilly areas because these hinder the agricultural and industrial development.

Climate plays a very important role in population concentration. This is because areas having a moderate climate with moderate rainfall have more population whereas an area with heavy rainfall and harsh climate has a low population.

Question.

Explain the trends in population growth of the world with special reference to the help of science and technology. (HOTS; All India 2015)

Answer:

The trends in population growth show that from the sixteenth and seventeenth century there had been a considerable rise in population. World population exploded in the eighteenth century after the advancement of science and technology brought changes like the industrial revolution, better means of transportation and improvement in agriculture. Advancement in science and technology reduced the death rate as the spread of epidemics could be controlled and diseases could be cured.

Therefore, within a span of every 12 years, one billion population is added to the existing number. Improvement in science and technology also helped in lowering the birth rate as many birth control measures are developed but the reduction in birth rate is less than death rate and therefore, there is a sharp rise in the world population.

Explain three economic and two social and cultural factors influencing the distribution of the population in the world. All India 2015

OR

Explain with examples of the three economic factors influencing the population distribution in the world. (All India 2011, Delhi 2008)

Answer:

The three economic factors influencing the distribution of population are as follows

Minerals Areas with mineral deposits attract not only industries but also skilled and semi-skilled workers as they generate huge employment.

Urbanization Urban centers offer better employment opportunities, education and medical facilities, better means of communication which attract people.

Industrialisation Industrial belts provide job opportunities which attract not only factory workers, but also transport operators, shopkeepers, bank employees, doctors, teachers and other service providers.

Two social and cultural factors influencing the distribution of population are as follows:

Religious and cultural significance Places having religious importance and cultural significance tend to attract the number of people due to which they are densely populated.

Social and political unrest Places where there is political turmoil and social unrest are not fit for living and people tend to move away from those areas. This makes it sparsely populated.

Question 19.

Explain the three components of population change in the world. Analyze the impacts of population change. Delhi 2014

Answer:

The three components of population change in the world are:

1. Crude Birth Rate It is referred to as a number of live births in a year per thousand of the population. It increases the population.

2. Crude Death Rate It is referred to as a number of deaths in a particular year per thousand of the population in a particular region. It decreases the population.

3. Migration is a displacement of people from a place of origin to the place of destination. In-migration increases the population. Out-migration decreases the population.

Impacts of population change are as follows:

1. If the population change results in high population growth then it puts pressure on the resources leading to scarcity and other problems.

2. Population change resulting in the decline of the population shows that the available resources are not sufficient to maintain the population.

Question 20.

Describe in brief the different trends of population growth in the world from an early period to the present day. (HOTS; Delhi 2009)

Answer:

The trends in population growth are as follows:

In the early periods of history i.e. 8000 to 12000 years ago the populations grew at a slow rate.
The population of the era was 8 million.
The count of the population in the first century was below 300 million.
By 1600 AD world population increased to 0.5 billion as expansion in trade and industrial revolution increased settlements.
World population reached 1 billion in 1830 due to advancement in the field of science and technology.
In the next 100 years i.e. 1930, the population doubled to 2 billion due to improved medical, health and sanitation facilities.
In 1960, the population was 3 billion, in 1975, it was 4 billion. After that one billion is added every 12 years.
There is a great variation among regions in doubling their population.

Chapter 2 : The World Population Distribution, Density and Growth marks:

On the political outline map of the world identify:

A. The country with the lowest density of population in Asia. (Delhi 2016)

B. Name the country with the smallest population of Asia. (Delhi 2016)

C. The country with the highest growth rate of population in Asia. (All India 2014)

D. The country with the lowest growth rate of population (1995-2000) in Asia. (Delhi 2014)

On the political map of the world identify:

A. A country having the highest density of population in Asia. Delhi 2013

B. A country having the largest population in Europe, ail India 2010

C. A country having the lowest density of population in Africa. All India 2009

D. A country having the lowest population growth in Africa. Delhi 2009

class 9 to 12 ,ncert mcq for upsc,ncert solution,

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